Monday, May 9, 2011

The Final Brecht Blog

Blog 13 - Final blog
Today was the final day of class for this semester.  We had two very nice reports.  First Annaliese taught the class to sing Mack the Knife in German, and Dylan gave a report on Modern Brecht – 1960 to present.  I believe that Dylan is the only person I have ever met who indeed really loves the works of Bertolt Brecht.  I find Brecht interesting as a historical figure and as a part of Germany’s cultural experience, but I am not so sure that he is relevant in German society today.  Therefore everyone who has an interest in Germany and German culture should have been exposed to the writings of Brecht.  Probably every child in German schools is forced to read Brecht, and if you do not know a little bit of Brecht, you cannot be considered an educated person in Germany today.  Still, I do not remember Brecht’s name ever comming up in the recent „deutsche Leitkultur Debatte.”
None the less, it was a great semester and I learned a great deal about Bertolt Brecht and his plays.  For me personally, the high point of the semester was my report on Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder.  Having an entire play to myself to study and report on was a lot of fun (and a lot of work and stress).  Can you imagine what the class would have been like if every student in the class would have had a different Brecht play to study and make a report about… that would have really been schickimicki.
Now I must finish reading The Life of Courage by Grimmelshausen so that I can put together my final report on Brecht’s historical inspiration for his Mutter Courage.  Brecht must have really loved the Thirty Years War because he used that era as the backdrop for Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder as well as his Augsburg Chalk Circle. 
OK, now let's all have a really fun Summer.

Jim Ross

Monday, May 2, 2011

Final Project Quandry

Blog 12
This week has been filled with a quandary:  What to do for the final project on Bertolt Brecht that has not been done already.
I was hoping to get an inspiration from either Frau Wagner or some of my classmates, but that did not work.  It seems that a lot of the theater students want to do a skit or a scene from one of Brecht’s plays.  That is certainly not my style!  One of the German students is going to sing a song.  That is even less my style.  The alternative to doing a final project is to simply write the essay portion of the final exam.
Since last week, I have been more and more fascinated with the works of Grimmelshausen, a 17th century author whose book Mutter Courage served as  inspiration for Brecht’s play Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder. (Of course, one should first read Simplicissimus before starting Mutter Courage.) 
Two events during the Thirty Years War are important to understanding Brecht’s play, that is, General Tilly’s sacking of Magdeburg and the death of Gustavus Adolphus at Lützen. 
The death of Gustavus Adolphus at Lützen as shown in this painting by Carl Wahlbom. 

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Wednesday, April 20, 2011

Mother Courage

Blog 11 
This week was my presentation of Mother Courage and her Children: A Chronicle of the Thirty Years War, a play by Bertolt Brecht which was first produced in 1941 in Switzerland.  That is right!  Not just a single act but the entire play.  But as is often the case, when art is long, time is short.  The class period was only long enough for a very high level presentation of some of the main points of the play.  In reality and entire college course could be built to study the ideas and opinions that Brecht presented in the play.

Simplicissimus is actually a ten book cycle in which Grimmelshausen relates his experiences during the Thirty Years War in a semi-autobiographical fashion, as was the fashion for Baroque literature in Germany.  He was torn from his peasant youth, and for the next 14 years Grimmelshausen was caught up in the war and attained the rank of captain.   During that time he saw all of the horrors of the Thirty Years War and related the absurdity of war in a comical fashion through the character of Simplicissimus.
Brecht had seen already lived through World War I, and had seen the beginnings of World War II when he wrote his Mother Courage and her Children in 1938.  He wrote the play in a “whirlwind,” that is, he wrote the play in the span of one month.  Not only is the play a warning of the coming World War, but also an attack on capitalism.  In Brecht’s version of Marxism, capitalism always leads to war.
Today, in spite of the fall of the Soviet Union and the DDR, Brecht’s Mutter Courage with her anti-war message remains one of Brecht’s most popular plays.  In 2006, Meryl Streep stared in the title role of a new translation of Brecht’s play, with all new music.  It was a great success.  So, it looks like Mother Courage will be around for a long time to come.

As inspiration for his Mutter Courage, Brecht used the novel Der abenteuerliche Simplicissimus (1669) by Hans Jacob Christoph von Grimmelshausen (1621-1676).

Wednesday, April 13, 2011

Good Bye, Lenin

Blog 10

This week the German Club presented movie was Good bye, Lenin.  I am sure the main character, Alex, who searched everywhere for products from the former East Germany for his sick mother would have enjoyed this website:
Though this is a very entertaining movie to watch with lots of comedy and German humor, there is also much to be learned about the culture near the end of the former DDR and the Fall of the Berlin Wall. 
Still, there is one point that I wonder about.  During the movie, there are only color televisions in the DDR.  Is that really true?  I through email correspondence with a couple of ‘Ossies’, I had the impression that most of the East German television sets were only black and white.

Wednesday, April 6, 2011

Die Dreigroschenoper fängt an

Blog 9
Everyone is happy to be back from Spring Break and ready for more Break… uh no, I meant to say, more Brecht.
For the remainder of the semester we will be examining The Three Penny Opera, which was the first really big success for Brecht’s concept epic theater in 1928.  Last week, we started with a report over act one, which brought up the point of eating a fish with a knife.  Mac reproaches Jake for eating a trout with a knife, saying that anybody who would to that is just a plain swine.  It became clear that Mac could have profited with a few lessons from Uwe Fenner on the proper use of silverware in a formal setting, or by watching "Guter Stil & Etikette mit Uwe Fenner":
If Mac only spoke English, he could have spent some time with Nancy Mitchel:
Either way, Mac would have been less likely of looking like a swine himself.
Monday 4/4/11, we watched part of Die Dreigroschenoper on DVD.  There have been several movie versions of Brecht’s play, but the one we are watching is the first – The 1931 version directed by G. W. Pabst, which does not exactly follow the stage play nor Brecht's screenplay a movie.  From a first glance, it appears that many of Weill’s songs have been cut from Pabst's movie.  It has been suggested that Pabst made the cuts to Brecht's screen version in order to improve the flow and continuity of his movie.  As you may suspect, Pabst's changes did not sit well with Bertolt.  In fact, Brecht filed a lawsuit to block the showing of the film.  In the end, the courts judged in favor of Pabst but in 1933, the nazis banned the play, the movie and Bertolt Brecht in Hitler's Germany.


Wednesday, March 16, 2011

This and that...

After a test on Monday and my report on Brecht and his composers today, there is not much to put on the blog this week.  The report took all class period, and I was pleased that my classmates had questions and seemed interested in what I was saying and wanted to know more.
Frau Wagner reported that the German Department has some money to spend on German films.  I think that she may have wanted suggestions.  OK… Here is a place in America that sells German language films (many have subtitles) that have been difficult to find.
I was happy to see that they have the ‘Sissi’ movies with Romy Schnider.  I am always stunned when a smart, well-educated German student looks  at me with a blank look and states, with total sincerity, that they have never heard of Elisabeth, Sissi, the “Sissi” movies or Romy Schneider.
Here is some for news for Brecht fans… a new photo of Bertolt Brecht dressed in a costume to look like Mozart was in the online newspaper sueddeutsche.de

And oh yes, I wish everyone a happy Spring Break.  :-)


Tuesday, March 8, 2011

UALR Chalk Circle

Blog 7
This week saw the staging of Bertolt Brecht’s Caucasian Chalk Circle by the UALR Theater Department.  In the days before the first performance, many in the class speculated as to which performance would be the best to see – the opening night, closing afternoon, or something in between. 
The opening night is always filled with excitement and sets the tone for the future performances.  The players wonder if they can really perform the play all the way through without forgetting any lines, and how the audience will react.  The audience’s reaction is important to future performances; if the audience does not react in a positive way then the performers are more nervous about the second night.  But if the audience gives positive feedback, this encourages the actors to perform to greater heights.
On the other hand, on the final performance the performers are very confident as to their ability to do the play.  And since this is the final performance, they know that they can do things that they would normally not be allowed to get away with, such as adlibbing – throwing in extra lines that would not have been approved by the director in advance - Funny little surprises.  The closing performance is filled with emotion that this creation is over and gone forever.  There is the knowledge that the bonds between the actors that were formed during rehearsals and performance of the play will be struck just like the set after the final cast party.
In this production, with the exception of Grusha, Michael and the Singer, all of the performers were required to play more than one roll.  I liked seeing an actor be one character, fade back, and then reappear in a different roll.  The set was especially conducive to this because of its construction.  The set consisted mainly of a large cube of scaffolding set in the center of the stage supporting a platform.  The actors would climb up and down the ironwork to move from venue to venue.  One minute the scaffold would be a palace, and the next a mountain pass, then perhaps a court of law.  Almost as if by magic, the audience knew whether they were in the midst of a city in revolt, a rugged mountain pass or a quiet country cottage.
Since I attended both the first and the last performance, I was surprised, and perhaps a little disappointed, to find that there was no visible change from the first to the last.  There were no major goofs or clowning around; they were both just great performances.  From the audience, I heard lots of praise for the new music, the singing, the dance, the set, and the acting.  The only mishap that I heard the actors talk about, was on the Saturday performance, one of the actors lost a button from his costume.  The button went rolling off of the stage, but it was recovered after the play.
The big problem, which the director and others complained about afterwards, was attendance.  There were just not that many people who came to see the play.  WHY?  Chalk Circle is a major piece of German literature that was written while Brecht was in exile in America.  The Literature and History Departments should have required their students to attend.
Of course, the real reason that attendance was low is that there was almost no advertising for this play.  Perhaps next year, the Theater Department can involve UALRs Budiness and Marketing Department to take responsibility for advertising and promotion.  Then the Theater Department would get their advertising done for free, and the business students could be required by their professors to attend.
Das Berliner Ensamble:
Watch it all the way to the end… it is really Brechtian.

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

Looking forward to the play

Blog 6
Excitement is building with everyone in class, Theater and German people alike, as we approach the opening of ULARs production of Caucasian Chalk Circle by Bertolt Brecht. 
I now remember having heard Memory Apata the ‘Singer’ sing before.   She sang Papagena in UALRs regie production of ‘The Magic Flute.’  In fact, if I remember correctly, she had the best voice on the stage.  She had a lesser roll even though she had far more talent and ability than the lead singers.  At the time I wondered why less talented singers were given the leading rolls when there were clearly more talented singers on stage.  I thought at the time that it must just be another case of politics.  Someone’s Daddy had made a big donation to the Alumni Fund or was friends with the director or some such thing.
Now I am of a different mind.  It seems that the star-rolls go to the graduating student by default, as their Capstone Performance – similar to a senior research project.  This way, the graduate has had the opportunity to be the star at least once in their life.  It is part of the UALR Experience.
 After graduation there will be time enough to prove themselves in open auditions.  Then they will meet success or failure based on the merit of their own talent.  I wonder if UALR has really prepared them for the failures that lie ahead in their careers as performers. 
However, I am really looking forward to hearing Ms. Apata sing this weekend.

Tuesday, February 22, 2011

Thoughts on the use of accents

Mr. Chapman asked the class their opinion of his casting the lawyers as caricatures with curled handlebar moustaches speaking in some strange accents which make them appear somewhat silly.  Mr. Chapman wondered if it would be distracting for comical professional men to be on with Grusha, who is kind, serious and very human.
Frau Wagner gave the best advice – refer back to Brecht’s text.  How the lines are given in the actual text of the play should be the best way to present them.
Mr. Chapman was very concerned about the use of accents in general for his production.  It seems that many of the actors had been assuming various types of accents to deliver their lines.  Some used Chinese, Russian, British and even some odd undistinguished accents.  He felt that perhaps it would be better to lose the accents altogether and speak the lines naturally.  (‘Naturally’ meaning a southern accent, which would sound natural to the actors and the UALR audience.)   I tend to agree and I think that Brecht would too.
When the BBC interviewed Helene Weigel during a special on Brecht, she made the statement:
“Brecht didn’t want the actors with their parts rehearsed to rehearsals.  We started with books, and a long time with books in our hands not learning our parts by heart.  And he begged us, please be careful, remember every point where you in reading was astonished at what you read, and this same point, this was Brecht’s opinion, the audience will be astonished.”
Here is a link to that interview, and Weigel’s quote begins about 1:45 (one minute 45 seconds) into the clip:
This “astonishment” that an actor might feel at certain points of a play on the first reading would, in my opinion, be in a natural voice.

German Language for the Theatre Student
One thought continues to occur to me; many of the theatre students could profit by taking German language courses.  I come to this conclusion by the way many of them are open to German words and expressions, and have been incorporating the German words that they hear in class into their everyday speech (zB. der Verfremdungseffekt).  The theatre department could be a place that is ripe for German language student recruitment.

Tuesday, February 15, 2011

Continued discussion of Scene 2 and Staging

On Monday, we continued working on scene 2 by finishing the presentation by Timmy and Stephen.  There was much discussion about whether or not the staging of the play would lose impact by omitting scene 1, the prolog set during World War II.  In the UALR production of the Caucasian Chalk Circle the prolog has been omitted due to time constraints.  With the prolog included, the play would run over three hours.  For a student production with severely limited rehearsal time (usually in the neighborhood of one or two hours twice per week for just a few weeks), and the addition of dance numbers and original music for operatic voice there would simply not be enough time to present Chalk Circle with the prolog.  Besides, a show that long would overly stress the audience.  Some class members felt that by keeping the prolog the Marxist idea of ‘greater good’ would be doubly reinforced.  Also, the inclusion or the prolog would be more true to Brecht’s original concept for the play and make the production more historically accurate.  Brecht had put the prolog into the play, so he meant it to be there. 
However, one must remember that the very first staging of Caucasian Chalk Circle was done without the prolog in 1948 at Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota.

This photo came from that premier production at Carleton College.  Though it is from the final scene, it is the only photo of this play in their archives.  I still think that it is worth viewing.

Wednesday, February 9, 2011

A look at the Governor's Wife

Scene 2 begins the actual story of the Chalk Circle as presented by the “singer.”  The characters are presented as ‘one dimensional’ very shallow, uncomplicated people.  This requires more effort from the audience to understand the charachter.  For example, the majority of the class viewed the Governor’s Wife, Natella, as being more interested in saving her possessions than her baby as the city was being overrun by an invading army with riots in the streets.  They saw her as a bad mother who quickly abandoned her own child.
On closer reading, one sees that it was the custom in those days to leave child rearing to others.  In this case the Governor and his Wife had hired two doctors and a nurse, Maro, to look after their child’s wellbeing.  They even went so far as to hold the doctors accountable if the child even had a runny nose.
In the confusion of the Governor’s Wife preparation to leave the city, the Nurse hands the child to Grusha.  It was the Nurse who ran away leaving Grusha in charge of the child.  After spending the night in the empty house with the child, Grusha finally takes it and leaves.
As Grusha leaves with the child, the Singer describes her:
“Like booty she took it for herself – Like a thief she sneaked away.”
Here is a link to a song by Mark Nichols for the end of Scene 2, titled “And the Child Called to Her”:
http://www.thereallybig.com/ccc/09%20And%20the%20Child%20Called%20to%20Her.mp3  (patience.  It takes a minute or so to load.  And, oh yes, this music is not nearly as pretty or enjoyable to listen to as the soundtrack from “Elisabeth”.)

Wednesday, February 2, 2011

Wednesday, 2.2.2011

Today in class after an excellent report by Anneliese on Germany History 1918-1933 there was a short discussion of chapter 2 of “The Caucasian Chalk Circle.” 
The main point of the discussion seemed to be that the action depicted in the play could take place almost anywhere and anytime in history.  It was a time of war and social unrest.  It was a time of upheaval and fighting in the streets.  When I got after class, the first image that popped up on my computer showed today’s unrest in Egypt:
 
*Street protests in Egypt, February 2, 2011 as reported on foxnews.com.
This could be right out of Scene 2 of CCC.  All they need is some pretty music.
So check it out!  Here is some music:
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